Myanmar's diverse population has played a major role in defining its politics, history and demographics in modern times. One-third of Myanmar's total perimeter, 1,930 km (1,199 mi), forms an uninterrupted coastline. Also known as Burma or the Union of Burma by bodies and states which do not recognize the ruling military junta, it is bordered by the People's Republic of China on the north, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, and India on the northwest, with the Andaman Sea to the south, and the Bay of Bengal to the southwest. Subsequent name changes were on 4 January 1974 to the “Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma” 23 Septmber 1988 to the “Union of Burma” and, since 18 June 1989, the “Union of Myanmar”. On 4 January 1948 Burma achieved independence from Great Britain as the “Union of Burma”. Myanmar, officially the Union of Myanmar (pronounced ) is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. 1Estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
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